UPDATE:中文有解釋了哦！快快來看吧…
以下是綜合那兩個英文網站的解釋，大致上有三個情形:
"when" "while" 兩人都是一家人的情況==> during the time當動作B發生，用這兩個字任一個帶出一個長時間正在持續的"背景"動作或情況(動作A)。
The prisoners escaped when/while the prison warders were eating their lunch.
When/While the prison warders were eating their lunch, the prisoners escaped.
<當嶽警正在吃中餐的時候，那群囚犯逃走了。>
Somebody broke into the house when they were playing cards.
While they were playing cards, somebody broke into the house.
<當他們正在玩牌的時候，有人闖入屋內。>
＊when/while句子可置前或置後。
*可替換的另兩個字是"as"、"whilst"，不過有時候聽來會挺文謅謅的。
As the sun went down, I sipped a rum and coke on the balcony.
<當太陽下山時，我在陽台上啜飲著蘭姆和可樂。>
I sipped a rum and coke on the balcony whilst the sun went slowly down on the horizon.
"when" "while"分家，只能用"when"的情況: ==> at the time(1)"A"持續進行一段時間時，"B"發生了，"B"用"when"帶出。
I was asleep in my chair when Dora rang to say she wasn't coming home.
<正當我在椅子上睡著的時候，朵拉打電話說她不回家了。>
We were playing monopoly when the lights went off.
<正當我們在玩大富翁的時候，電燈熄滅了。>
(2)兩件事皆短時間同時發生
I thought of it (just) when you opened your mouth.
<當你開口時，我剛好想到它。>
When the lights went out, everybody groaned: "Oh no, not another power cut!"
<當電燈熄滅時，每個人抱怨著說："不要啊！別再停電啦！">
(3)講到過去的某段時間
When I was a little boy, power cuts were very frequent, but that was just after the war.
<當我還是個小男生的時候，停電是非常頻繁的，但那也僅是戰爭之後。>
When I was a child we lived in London (NOT While I was a child …)
His parents died when he was twelve (NOT … while he was twelve)
"when" "while"分家，通常偏用"while"的情況: ==> during the time"A"和"B"動作維持較長的時間或"A"和"B"兩者長時間的同時動作。
Dora left a message on the voice mail while I was asleep in the chair.
<朵拉在語言信箱留言的同時，我正在椅子上熟睡。>
While I was writing my Christmas cards, the children were decorating the tree.
<我在寫聖誕卡的同時，孩子們正在裝飾著樹。> OR 我在寫卡片，而孩子們在裝飾樹。
*用「而」來想，就會用"while"。
I cooked the supper while Jenny did the ironing.
<我煮著晚飯的同時，珍妮在燙衣服。> OR 我在煮晚飯，而珍妮在燙衣
While you were reading the paper, I was working.
<你在看報的同時，我在工作。> OR 你在看報，而我在工作。
參考資料裡講到的大致就是這樣，while 動作是長時間(during that time)，when 是短時間(at that time)，while 不可指一點時間(a point of time)，when可使用的機率應該比較大。
測驗:He rang me up ________ he heard of it.
_____ I had finished my letter, I posted it.
I was about to start _____ it began to rain.
He was going to bed, _____ a letter came.
The case was heard yesterday, _____ her lawyer did his best to defend her.
答案：全都是when
再來一些例句:
When I arrived, he was talking on the phone.
When I got there, he had already left.
When it began to rain, I stood under a tree.
When I was in Chicago, I visited the museums.
When I see him tomorrow, I will ask him.
While I was walking home, it began to rain.
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